What is a CV
Before you learn how to write a good CV, you should understand its purpose and structure. A curriculum vitae, commonly referred to as a CV, is a comprehensive document that details your academic and professional background, including education, work experience, skills and achievements. As it represents your professional profile, it is an essential part of your application.
Follow these basic guidelines to create a compelling CV that will grab the recruiter’s attention and increase your chances of securing an interview.
CV full form
Components of a CV
The main components of a CV in the UK typically include:
Contact Details
This includes your name, and contact information, such as phone number, email, and residency address.
Personal statement
This is a brief paragraph that summarises your professional profile. It may include information about your skills, experience, and career objectives. It is typically 2-4 sentences long and located at the top of the CV.
Work experience
This section lists your previous employment, including the name of the company, your job title, the dates of employment, and your responsibilities and achievements.
Skills
Here you list any relevant skills, such as computer skills, or other specialised abilities that are relevant to the job.
Education
In this part, you list your academic qualifications, including the names of the institutions you attended, the degrees you earned, and the dates of graduation.
Additional information
Here you can highlight any notable achievements or awards you have received throughout your career, such as publications, patents, or other recognitions, as well as mention your language skills, hobbies, or interests.
How to write a CV for your career
Writing a good CV that is tailored to your industry and profession can help you stand out with professionalism and attention to detail. Learn how to write a strong CV that will make you a strong candidate in the job market.
If you want to make sure your CV is of the highest standard and save time, use our professional CV templates.
See how easy it is to create a CV with our step-by-step guide:
- Choose your CV template
- Decide on the appropriate CV format
- Add your contact information
- Open your CV with a strong personal statement
- Outline your experience to show your career path
- Include key roles and quantify top achievements
- Highlight relevant skills
- Add your degrees
- Pass Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS)
- Proofread and edit to ensure good readability
Choose your CV template
A CV template ensures that you don’t forget any important elements of your CV. It contains all the necessary sections, so all you have to do is fill them in.
Choose a template that suits your industry and personal style. You will find a variety of templates in our collection, from simple and conservative to more creative and colourful.
Decide on the appropriate CV format
Choose a CV format that best suits your job profile. Think about your skills, experience and the type of job you are applying for.
There are two main CV formats
- Chronological: Lists work experience and education in reverse chronological order. It is most often supplemented with key responsibilities and achievements from a particular job, which is why it is sometimes referred to as a combined format.
- Skills-based: Also known as functional. Focuses on skills rather than work history. This format is most often chosen by people who are new to the labour market or who have had long gaps in employment.
The most commonly used format in the UK is chronological, or rather reverse chronological, with the addition of responsibilities and achievements.
Build a professional CV that gets you hired
Add your contact information
Adding your contact details to your CV may seem obvious, but it’s a vital step that shouldn’t be overlooked. Your contact details are essential for potential employers to reach you easily. Ensuring this section is formatted correctly will make your details clear and accessible.
Here’s what you should include:
- Your full name
- Residential address
If you don’t feel comfortable including your full postal address, consider adding only the city and postcode of your residence.
Like this:
53 Church Way
Bradford, BD1 9JROr just this:
Bradford, BD1 9JR
- Phone number
- Provide a phone number where you can be easily reached. If you have a voicemail, make sure the greeting on it is professional.
- Email address
Use a professional email address, ideally one that includes your name. If you don’t have one, consider creating it for the job purposes.
Now onto the additional information you might want to include in your contact section:
- Your LinkedIn profile
- The addition of your LinkedIn profile can be very beneficial, as employers can see your professional network and endorsements.
- GitHub Profile
- This applies to candidates looking for technical jobs. Including a GitHub profile can help showcase your projects and coding skills.
- Website/Portfolio
- In creative fields such as art, design and writing, your work speaks for itself. Include a link to your personal website or online portfolio in your contact section – it’s a direct way for potential employers to explore your creativity and skills.
Here’s how it should look:
Paul Piper
4 Queensway
Sheffield S1 9TH
+44 987654321
paul.piper@example.com
linkedin.com/in/paulpiper
github.com/paulpiper
paul-piper.com
Open your CV with a strong personal statement
Your personal statement, placed at the top of your CV just after your contact details, serves as an introduction to your professional profile. It is designed to grab recruiters’ attention and encourage further reading. Highlight any notable achievements, experiences or skills that make you stand out from other candidates.
A well-written personal statement should be concise, engaging and clearly communicate why you are the right candidate.
Outline your experience to show your career path
When writing the work experience section of your CV, use bullet points in reverse chronological order to clearly outline your career path and showcase your qualifications. Use tangible values to highlight your key achievements. Ideally, focus on the last three jobs or the last ten years of your career.
If you have limited work experience, highlight your skills and include any internships and volunteer work you’ve done. However, if you’re looking for your first job and have no work experience at all, follow our guide to writing a CV with no work experience. It will help you stand out by demonstrating your skills and enthusiasm through other relevant activities.
What if you got a promotion?
You can start by proudly presenting this in your personal statement. Highlight the skills and achievements that have contributed to your promotion, using figures and data to quantify your impact. This approach will clearly demonstrate the extent of your contributions.
Next, use your work history section to clearly highlight your career progression. Use bullet points to present your achievements and responsibilities. This will demonstrate your ability to take on new challenges and adapt to different environments.
Work history
Senior Manufacturing Manager
March 2022 – Current | TechMach Engineering Ltd – Leeds
- Spearheaded all manufacturing operations, including production planning, scheduling, and execution, resulting in a 20% increase in throughput and a 15% reduction in lead times.
- Led the implementation of Lean manufacturing principles and Six Sigma methodologies. Established and maintained strong supplier relationships.
- Established and maintained strong supplier relationships.
- Developed and mentored a high-performing team, fostering a culture of accountability and continuous improvement.
Manufacturing Operations Manager
January 2020 – February 2022 | TechMach Engineering Ltd. – Leeds
- Directed all aspects of manufacturing operations, leading to a 25% improvement in overall equipment effectiveness (OEE).
- Implemented a comprehensive quality management system based on ISO 9001 standards, resulting in a 30% reduction in defects and customer complaints.
- Collaborated closely with engineering and R&D teams to introduce new products to market.
- Managed annual operating budgets, achieving cost savings of 10% through strategic procurement initiatives and process optimisations.
Include key roles and quantify top achievements
Providing tangible, measurable values gives a better idea of the impact on achievement and provides concrete evidence of success.
For example, instead of simply writing:
use numbers to show the extent of your impact by writing:
Work history
August 2022 – Current | Stelars – Leeds | HR Administrator
- Accurately processed over 200 leave of absence requests and monitored absence data to use as triggers for management intervention.
- Updated 15 HR policies and documentation in line with legislative developments and GDPR requirements to ensure compliance.
- Reviewed and renewed 10 company policies, ensuring strict legal compliance across all business activities.
- Provided expert HR advice to line managers, resolving 12 conflict resolution cases, 8 pay disputes, and 5 under-performance management issues.
January 2016 – July 2022 | Sunny Co – Leeds | HR Assistant
- Communicated courteously, confidently, and clearly at all levels across the organisation, handling over 50 interactions weekly.
- Ensured the strict confidentiality of sensitive information, securely handling the personal information of 300+ employees.
- Ran payroll processes for over 150 employees monthly and updated employee benefits details.
- Maintained and updated employee files and records, managing over 500 records accurately.
Highlight relevant skills
Employers want candidates who are not only qualified for the job but also adaptable to new challenges.
Think about this when listing skills on your CV.
Include about 6-10 qualities that highlight both hard and soft skills. Hard skills are specific to the job you’re applying for, such as technical skills or industry-specific knowledge. Soft, transferable skills, on the other hand, can be applied in a variety of situations and are crucial for building relationships with colleagues and contributing to a positive working environment.
Demonstrate a balanced mix of these skills to show your versatility and willingness to tackle different challenges in the workplace.
Add your degrees
The education section usually appears last on your CV. If you have more than one entry, list them in reverse chronological order, starting with the most recent. For each entry, include the degree or qualification earned, the course of study, the name of the institution, and the year of graduation. This format ensures that employers can easily see your most recent and relevant educational achievements.
Education
University of London, 2019 | Bachelor of Arts, Hospitality Management
London College of Tourism, 2017 | Diploma, Travel and Tourism
Pass Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS)
Many employers use Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) to screen CVs. To ensure your CV gets through the initial screening process, read the job posting carefully to identify keywords that describe the most important requirements and responsibilities. Look for the specific skills, qualifications and experience the employer is looking for to know which words to include in your CV. Use these keywords naturally throughout your CV, especially in sections such as your professional profile, work experience, skills and education.
Action verbs for your CV
Some words are more persuasive than others. Using strong action verbs can help you better express your achievements and responsibilities. Here are some powerful action verbs to consider:
- Facilitated
- Engineered
- Improved
- Enhanced
- Coordinated
- Revamped
- Collaborated
- Supervised
- Launched
- Produced
- Initiated
- Maximised
- Streamlined
- Developed
- Generated
- Transformed
- Formulated
- Executed
- Achieved
- Created
- Directed
- Negotiated
- Managed
- Designed
- Led
- Orchestrated
- Integrated
- Implemented
- Optimised
- Researched
Proofread and edit to ensure good readability
Carefully proofread your CV to ensure it is error-free and demonstrates your professionalism and attention to detail. Check it thoroughly for spelling and grammatical errors and inconsistencies in formatting. Make sure your email address and telephone number are correct.
Edit your CV so that it fits neatly on one page, is concise and focuses on key achievements and relevant information. A well-organised and tailored CV increases your chances of making a positive impression on potential employers. This approach demonstrates commitment and professionalism, which increases the chances of a successful application.
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What to include in a CV
When writing your CV, don’t forget to tailor it to the job requirements and your own experience. Tailor your CV to the role and responsibilities you’re applying for. If you have a lot of experience, you can focus on the core sections. A standard CV in the UK includes a few basic elements, known as core sections, but can be supplemented with additional sections which, if well written and relevant, can significantly enhance your CV and improve your chances of being hired.
CV Core Sections
Headline and contact details
Personal Statement (About Me)
Employment History
Skills
Education and qualifications
Additional CV sections
In addition to the core sections, you can enhance your CV with the following optional sections:
Voluntary work
Professional memberships
Languages
Hobbies and interests
References
How to sell yourself on a CV
It may sound harsh but a CV is essentially about ‘selling’ yourself – presenting your qualifications and achievements in the best possible light to secure an interview invitation.
Here are some key tips to help you do this effectively:
- Choose an aesthetically pleasing, professional CV template
Choose a clean, professional CV template with subtle colours. This will help you make a positive first impression and stand out from the competition.
- Provide strong, relevant content
Thoroughly review the job description and include relevant keywords in your CV. This will ensure that your CV passes through applicant tracking systems (ATS) and is seen by recruiters. Proofread your CV carefully to eliminate any errors or typos that can detract from your professionalism.
- Use strong action verbs
Emphasise your impact and achievements by using strong action verbs such as ‘managed’, ‘improved’ or ‘achieved’. These words convey your proactive contributions and results.
- Highlight achievements with quantifiable data
Showcase your contributions by providing specific numbers and measurable values. For example, “increased sales by 20%” or “managed a team of 10 people”. Quantifying your achievements makes them more tangible and impressive.
Work history
Payroll Officer
TransExpo – Manchester, January 2022 – Current
- Processed payroll for a large workforce of over 500 employees on a monthly basis.
- Managed all aspects of payroll administration, including calculating wages, deductions, and overtime.
- Resolved payroll discrepancies and answered employee inquiries regarding pay and benefits.
- Prepared and submitted payroll reports to management for review and approval.
Payroll Administrator
Vivica Ltd. – Manchester, February 2018 – December 2021
- Assisted in processing payroll for a medium-sized company with 200 employees.
- Maintained accurate payroll records and updated employee information as needed.
- Collaborated with the HR department to ensure accurate and timely processing of new hires and terminations.
- Prepared payroll reports and reconciled payroll data to ensure accuracy and compliance.
How to make a CV with no experience
If you have no work experience at all, you can write a skills-based CV. This type of CV may be appropriate if you are looking for your first job. The focus is on highlighting your education and skills, with an emphasis on transferable skills such as interpersonal skills or computer skills, as well as the hard skills you have.
Skills
- Problem-solving
- Communication skills
- Resourcefulness
- Attention to detail
- Calm under pressure
- Deadline management
- Fast learner
- Health and safety compliant
- Customer service
- Multitasking
- Technology proficiency
What is the purpose of a CV
The purpose of a CV or curriculum vitae is to provide potential employers or academic institutions with a comprehensive summary of your professional profile, outlining your education, work experience, skills, achievements and other relevant information.
A CV is mainly used for:
Applying for a job
This is the most common use of a CV. Employers review your CV to determine if you are a suitable candidate for the position. By summarising your work history, education and skills, they can decide whether to invite you for an interview.
Applying for an academic position
An academic CV is usually much longer, ranging from a few pages to a dozen. It contains detailed information about your educational background, research experience, publications, presentations and other academic achievements.
Applying for a grant or funding
If you are applying for a grant or funding, you may be asked to submit your CV along with other documents. Your CV should highlight the relevant qualifications, experience and achievements that make you a strong candidate for the funding.
Networking and professional development
A well-designed CV can be a valuable tool in building your professional network. It provides a snapshot of your career and achievements, which can help you make a strong impression on potential business contacts and open up new opportunities.
What should a CV look like
When writing a CV, there are a few universal elements that you need to consider.
A typical CV contains the following key elements:
- It fits on one page and follows a structured format with a header containing your name and contact information.
- There is a short About Me section (also known as a Personal Statement) where you can introduce yourself and discuss your career goals. For example, notable achievements such as winning awards or publishing work can be highlighted in the Achievements section.
- The About Me section is usually followed by the Work Experience section. This is where you outline your three most recent positions, detailing your responsibilities and the length of time you worked there.
- This is followed by a list of skills, highlighting relevant talents or abilities that are applicable to the job you are seeking.
- This is followed by the Education and Qualifications section, which lists any degrees or courses you have completed that are relevant to the job requirements.
- Finally, if requested by the employer, your CV may include a list of references who can attest to your character and performance.
This covers the basics of writing a CV in the UK. Remember that while your CV must include certain elements, it doesn’t have to be bland or ordinary. Avoid a simple copy-paste approach and take the opportunity to make your CV stand out. Start by tailoring the content to the specific job you are applying for.
Once you’ve made sure the content is top-notch, think about a design that reflects your personality and professionalism. Consider the type of industry – creative industries often favour contemporary designs and bold colours. Also take into account the corporate culture you’re targeting. Choose a clean, simple design if the company values a professional and classic approach. This well-considered strategy can help your CV stand out and make an impact.
What should a British CV look like
A British CV typically includes a concise personal statement, detailed work experience, educational history, relevant skills and optional sections for achievements and references. It should be well organised and tailored to the job you are applying for, with a clear focus on professionalism and clarity.
What should a modern CV look like
A modern CV often has a clean, visually appealing design with sections such as a personal profile, skills summary, work experience in reverse chronological order, education and additional sections for achievements or interests. It may include links to portfolios or online profiles.
What should a chronological CV look like
A chronological CV lists work experience and education in reverse chronological order, starting with the most recent job or qualification. It emphasises career progression and continuity, making it suitable for candidates with a stable work history in a traditional format.
What should a PDF CV look like
A PDF CV should maintain consistent formatting across devices and platforms. It should include all standard CV sections such as personal information, work experience, education, skills and optional sections. Fonts should be legible and the layout should be visually appealing without compromising on clarity.
What should a CV with no experience look like
A CV of a candidate with no professional experience should highlight transferable skills gained through education, volunteering or personal projects. It may focus more on education and skills sections, with achievements and personal attributes that demonstrate readiness and enthusiasm for the role.
What should a free CV in Word format look like
A free CV in Word format should be well structured and easy to edit. It typically includes sections such as personal details, career objective or personal statement, work experience, education, skills and optional sections for achievements or interests. It should be formatted to ensure readability and compatibility with different versions of Word.
Key takeaways
In 2024, creating an effective CV isn’t just about submitting a list of qualifications; it’s about making a memorable impression that sets you apart from other candidates. This process involves using the resources and tools at your disposal to create a CV that is not only well formatted and concise, but also strategically tailored to the specific requirements of the job you are targeting.
Here’s what makes a good CV:
Use a professional CV format
Make sure your CV is clearly structured and easy to navigate. Choose a simple font and layout with clearly defined headings. Use a reverse chronological format to present your most recent experience first.
Tailor your CV
Tailor your CV for each job application by highlighting relevant skills and experience that match the job requirements. Align it with the industry and job title by including industry-specific skills.
Quantify your achievements
Illustrate your impact with measurable metrics and specific examples of accomplishments. Numbers and tangible results provide compelling evidence of your contributions in previous roles and demonstrate your value to potential employers.
Include keywords from the job description
Include relevant keywords and action verbs from the job description in your CV. This not only matches your qualifications to the employer’s needs, but also optimises your CV for applicant tracking systems (ATS), increasing your chances of being noticed.
Be concise
Aim to keep your CV to one page and focus on relevant information. Use concise language when describing your roles, achievements and skills, and ensure that each section enhances your candidacy for the job.
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